Avaliação da capacidade funcional, força muscular respiratória e pico de fluxo expiratório em pacientes com apneia obstrutiva do sono / Evaluation of functional capacity, respiratory muscular strength and expiratory flow peak in patients with obstructive sleep apnea

Introdução: A síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono (SAOS) é caracterizada pela obstrução das vias aéreas superiores durante o sono, o que causa efeitos sistêmicos durante a vigília. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a capacidade funcional, a força da musculatura respiratória e o pico de fluxo expiratório (PFE) de pacientes com SAOS. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado na cidade de Patos de Minas/MG no ano de 2019, no qual foram incluídos 14 indivíduos que possuíam SAOS moderada e grave. Primeiramente os pacientes responderam a um questionário sociodemográfico elaborado pelos autores. Em seguida, foi realizada a manovacuometria, a mensuração do PFE e o teste de caminhada de seis minutos (TC6M). Resultados: A maioria dos pacientes eram homens (71,4%), obesos (78,6%) e hipertensos (57,1%). Como resultados dos testes obtivemos - PImáx obtida vs predita = 86,4 vs 102,8 (p = 0,004), PEmáx obtida vs predita = 98,5 vs 113,5 (p = 0,05), PFE obtido vs predito = 381,3 vs 495,8 (p < 0,001) e TC6M obtido vs predito = 485,3m vs 536,6m (p = 0,03). Conclusão: Nessa amostra de indivíduos com SAOS grave e moderada houve redução da força muscular respiratória, do PFE, e da capacidade funcional. (AU)

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is characterized by upper airway obstruction during sleep, which causes systemic effects during wakefulness. Objective: The objective of this study is to assess functional capacity, respiratory muscle strength and peak expiratory flow (PEF) in patients with OSAS. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study held in the city of Patos de Minas/MG in the year of 2019, that included 14 individuals who had severe and moderate sleep apnea. First, the patients answered to a sociodemographic questionnaire prepared by the authors. Then, manovacuometry, PEF and six-minute walk test (6MWT) were performed. Results: Most patients were men (71.4%), obese (78.6%) and hypertensive (57.1%). As results of the tests we obtained - MIP obtained vs predicted = 86.4 vs 102.8 (p = 0.004), MPE obtained vs predicted = 98.5 vs 113.5 (p = 0.05), PEF obtained vs predicted = 381.3 vs 495.8 (p <0.001) and 6MWT obtained vs predicted = 485.3m vs 536.6m (p = 0.03). Conclusion: In this sample of individuals with severe and moderate OSAS, we observed a reduction in respiratory muscle strength, PEF, and functional capacity. (AU)

Avaliação da qualidade de vida, capacidade funcional e força da musculatura respiratória em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca / Evaluation of quality of life, functional capacity and strength of respiratory and muscles in patients with heart failure

A insuficiência cardíaca (IC) é uma síndrome clínica, via final comum de diversas doenças cardíacas. O estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade de vida, a capacidade funcional e a força muscular respiratória em pacientes com IC classe funcional I e II. Tratou-se de um estudo observacional transversal, com amostra composta por 20 indivíduos com faixa etária entre 58 e 82 anos, em acompanhamento clínico no Centro Clínico de Especialidades Médicas de Patos de Minas. Após a realização dos testes, foi observado em relação à qualidade de vida que o domínio mais comprometido foi o de limitação por aspectos físicos. Não houve limitação na capacidade funcional e na força muscular respiratória, devido aos indivíduos realizarem acompanhamento fisioterapêutico. A IC gera um impacto negativo sobre a qualidade de vida e que a fisioterapia é indispensável no acompanhamento e prognóstico desta população. (AU)

Heart failure (HF) is a clinical syndrome, the common end-stage of several heart diseases. The study aimed to evaluate the quality of life, functional capacity and respiratory muscle strength in patients with HF functional class I and II. This was a cross-sectional study, with a sample of 20 individuals aged between 58 and 82 years, under clinical follow-up at the Clinical Center of Medical Specialties of Patos de Minas. After performing the tests, it was observed in relation to the quality of life that the most compromised domain was that of limitation by physical aspects. There was no limitation in the functional capacity and in the respiratory muscle strength, due to the individuals performing physiotherapeutic follow-up. It is concluded that HF has a negative impact on the quality of life and that physical therapy is essential in the monitoring and prognosis of this population. (AU)

Prevalência de incontinência urinária e perfil miccional de mulheres praticantes de Crossfit® / Prevalence of urinary incontinence and voiding pattern of Crossfit® practicing women

Introdução: A Incontinência Urinária (IU) afeta 200 milhões de pessoas de todas as idades, sendo a maioria mulheres. Segundo a International Continence Society (ICS) a IU é definida como qualquer perda involuntária de urina e consiste em uma patologia que leva a diversos efeitos sobre as atividades diárias, a interação social e percepção da própria saúde. Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência de perda de urina involuntária e padrão miccional em mulheres praticantes de Crossfit® em de Patos de Minas/MG. Métodos: Estudo transversal, exploratório, com abordagem quantitativa em 3 academias de Patos de Minas, cuja amostra foi de 38 mulheres. O perfil da amostra foi traçado por questionário contendo informações sociodemográficas e antecedentes obstétricos elaborados pelas pesquisadoras. Aplicou-se questionário específico para investigar a presença de IU e situações relacionadas ao padrão miccional e outro para uma avaliação da incontinência atlética que identificou o perfil de treinamento da atleta e as atividades específicas do Crossfit®. Resultados: Observou-se que 78,9% eram nulíparas, 13,2% tiveram parto do tipo vaginal e 7,9% partos cesárea. Apenas 7,9% da amostra apresentou incontinência atlética. Conclusão: Apesar da queixa, houve baixa prevalência de Incontinência Atlética na amostra. (AU)

Introduction: Urinary Incontinence (UI) affects 200 million people of all ages, mostly women. According to the International Continence Society (ICS), UI is defined as any involuntary loss of urine and consists of pathology that leads to various effects on daily activities, social interaction and perception of one's own health. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of involuntary urine loss and voiding pattern in women practicing Crossfit® in Patos de Minas/MG. Methods: Crosssectional, exploratory study with a quantitative approach in 2 Patos de Minas gyms, whose sample consisted of 38 women. The sample profile was traced by a questionnaire containing socio-demographic information and obstetric antecedents prepared by the researchers. A specific questionnaire was applied to investigate the presence of UI and situations related to voiding and other patterns and an assessment of athletic incontinence that identified the athlete's training profile and specific Crossfit® activities. Results: It was observed that 78.9% were nulliparous, 13.2% had vaginal delivery and 7.9% cesarean. Only 7.9% of the sample had athletic incontinence. Conclusion: Despite the complaint, there was a low prevalence of athletic incontinence in the sample. (AU)

Qualidade de vida e nível de satisfação corporal pós-cirurgia plástica / Quality of life and level of body satisfaction after plastic surgery

Introdução: Qualidade de vida (QV) é um conceito multidimensional relacionado com a percepção subjetiva do indivíduo. Objetivo: Comparar a QV e o nível de satisfação corporal entre mulheres que se submeteram ou não a cirurgias plásticas. Métodos: Estudo transversal, quantitativo, com 30 mulheres divididas em dois grupos: que realizaram cirurgia plástica (MCP) e que não realizaram (MNCP). Utilizou-se o instrumento Body Shape Questionaire (BSQ) para avaliar o nível de satisfação corporal e o WHOQOL- BREF para QV. Os dados foram analisados pelo SPSS 18.0 e o WHOQOL-BREF consolidado em sua respectiva sintaxe. Realizou-se análise descritiva para as variáveis numéricas e distribuição de frequência para as nominais. Na comparação das médias dos escores do WHOQOL-BREF e do BSQ utilizou-se o teste t Student pareado, considerando p < 0,05. Resultados: Ao comparar a QV encontrou-se relação significante no escore geral (MCP: 76,54; MNCP: 69,56; p = 0,011) e no domínio meio ambiente (MCP: 73,54; MNCP: 63,76; p = 0,003). O grupo MNCP apresentou uma leve distorção de imagem (116,86); na comparação entre os grupos foi encontrada diferença estatisticamente significante (p = 0,020). Conclusão: As mulheres que realizaram cirurgia plástica apresentaram uma QV melhor e melhor nível de satisfação corporal quando comparadas com as que não realizaram. (AU)

Introduction: Quality of life (QOL) is a multidimensional concept related to the subjective perception of the individual. Objective: To compare QOL and the level of body satisfaction among women who underwent plastic surgeries or not. Methods: A cross-sectional, quantitative study, with 30 women divided into two groups: who underwent plastic surgery (MCP) and did not perform it (MNCP). The Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) instrument was used to assess the level of body satisfaction and the WHOQOL-BREF for QOL. The data were analyzed by SPSS 18.0 and consolidated WHOQOL-BREF in their respective syntax. The descriptive analysis was performed for the numerical variables and frequency distribution for the nominal variables. The paired Student t-test was used to compare the means of the WHOQOL-BREF and BSQ scores, considering p < 0.05. Results: When comparing the QOL, a significant relationship was found in the general score (MCP: 76.54, MNCP: 69.56, p = 0.011) and in the environment domain (MCP: 73.54, MNCP: 63.76; p = 0.003). The MNCP group presented slight image distortion (116.86); in the comparison between the groups a statistically significant difference was found (p = 0.020). Conclusion: Women who underwent plastic surgery had a better QOL and better level of body satisfaction when compared to those who did not. (AU)

Is there any benefit using low-intensity inspiratory and peripheral muscle training in heart failure? A randomized clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: Inspiratory and peripheral muscle training improves muscle strength, exercise tolerance, and quality of life in patients with chronic heart failure (HF). However, studies investigating different workloads for these exercise modalities are still lacking. OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of low and moderate intensities on muscle strength, functional capacity, and quality of life. DESIGN: A randomized controlled trial. METHODS: Thirty-five patients with stable HF (aged >18 years, NYHA II/III, LVEF <40%) were randomized to: non-exercise control group (n = 9), low-intensity training group (LIPRT, n = 13, 15% maximal inspiratory workload, and 0.5 kg of peripheral muscle workload) or moderate-intensity training group (MIPRT, n = 13, 30% maximal inspiratory workload and 50% of one maximum repetition of peripheral muscle workload). The outcomes were: respiratory and peripheral muscle strength, pulmonary function, exercise tolerance by the 6-minute walk test, symptoms based on the NYHA functional class, and quality of life using the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire. RESULTS: All groups showed similar quality-of-life improvements. Low and moderate intensities training programs improved inspiratory muscle strength, peripheral muscle strength, and walking distance. However, only moderate intensity improved expiratory muscle strength and NYHA functional class in HF patients. CONCLUSIONS: The low-intensity inspiratory and peripheral resistance muscle training improved inspiratory and peripheral muscle strength and walking distance, demonstrating that LIPRT is an efficient rehabilitation method for debilitated HF patients. In addition, the moderate-intensity resistance training also improved expiratory muscle strength and NYHA functional class in HF patients.

Is there any benefit using low-intensity inspiratory and peripheral muscle training in heart failure? A randomized clinical trial

BACKGROUND: Inspiratory and peripheral muscle training improves muscle strength, exercise tolerance, and quality of life in patients with chronic heart failure (HF). However, studies investigating different workloads for these exercise modalities are still lacking. OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of low and moderate intensities on muscle strength, functional capacity, and quality of life. DESIGN: A randomized controlled trial.METHODS:Thirty-five patients with stable HF (aged >18 years, NYHA II/III, LVEF <40%) were randomized to: non-exercise control group (n = 9), low-intensity training group (LIPRT, n = 13, 15% maximal inspiratory workload, and 0.5 kg of peripheral muscle workload) or moderate-intensity training group (MIPRT, n = 13, 30% maximal inspiratory workload and 50% of one maximum repetition of peripheral muscle workload). The outcomes were: respiratory and peripheral muscle strength, pulmonary function, exercise tolerance by the 6-minute walk test, symptoms based on the NYHA functional class, and quality of life using the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire...

Reproducibility for Heart Rate Variability Analysis during 6-Min Walk Test in Patients with Heart Failure and Agreement between Devices.

Heart rate variability (HRV) analysis is a useful method to assess abnormal functioning in the autonomic nervous system and to predict cardiac events in patients with heart failure (HF). HRV measurements with heart rate monitors have been validated with an electrocardiograph in healthy subjects but not in patients with HF. We explored the reproducibility of HRV in two consecutive six-minute walk tests (6MW), 60-minute apart, using a heart rate monitor (PolarS810i) and a portable electrocardiograph (called Holter) in 50 HF patients (mean age 59 years, NYHA II, left ventricular ejection fraction ~35%). The reproducibility for each device was analysed using a paired t-test or the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Additionally, we assessed the agreement between the two devices based on the HRV indices at rest, during the 6MW and during recovery using concordance correlation coefficients (CCC), 95% confidence intervals and Bland-Altman plots. The test-retest for the HRV analyses was reproducible using Holter and PolarS810i at rest but not during recovery. In the second 6MW, patients showed significant increases in rMSSD and walking distance. The PolarS810i measurements had remarkably high concordance correlation [0.86

Reproducibility for heart rate variability analysis during 6-Min walk test in patients with heart failure and agreement between devices

Heart rate variability (HRV) analysis is a useful method to assess abnormal functioning in the autonomic nervous system and to predict cardiac events in patients with heart failure (HF). HRV measurements with heart rate monitors have been validated with an electrocardiograph in healthy subjects but not in patients with HF. We explored the reproducibility of HRV in two consecutive six-minute walk tests (6MW), 60-minute apart, using a heart rate monitor (PolarS810i) and a portable electrocardiograph (called Holter) in 50 HF patients (mean age 59 years, NYHA II, left ventricular ejection fraction ~35%). The reproducibility for each device was analysed using a paired t-test or the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Additionally, we assessed the agreement between the two devices based on the HRV indices at rest, during the 6MW and during recovery using concordance correlation coefficients (CCC), 95% confidence intervals and Bland-Altman plots. The test-retest for the HRV analyses was reproducible using Holter and PolarS810i at rest but not during recovery. In the second 6MW, patients showed significant increases in rMSSD and walking distance. The PolarS810i measurements had remarkably high concordance correlation [0.86